International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A: Space-group symmetry. M. I. Aroyo ed. (2016). 6th ed. Chichester: Wiley, for the International Union of Crystallography. DOI: 10.1107/97809553602060000114.
This is the canonical reference for space groups. If your library does not have a physical copy of Volume A, they may offer on-line access.
International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A1: Symmetry Relations Between Space Groups. H. Wondratschek, U. Müller eds. (2004). Dordrecht: Springer, for the International Union of Crystallography. DOI: 10.1107/97809553602060000101.
This greatly expands on the subgroup-supergroup information found in International Tables, Volume A, but the Bilbao Crystallographic Server (see below) is probably even easier to use.
Space Groups for Solid State Scientists, 3rd Edition (2013), G. Burns and A.M. Glazer, Academic Press, DOI: 10.1016/C2011-0-05712-5.
This explains how to read the International Tables, Volume A. Excellent discussion on subgroup-supergroup relationships.
Symmetry in Crystallography, Understanding the International Tables, (2012) P. G. Radaelli, Oxford Publ. for the International Union of Crystallography. DOI: 10.1002/crat.201200325.
This also explains how to read the International Tables, Volume A.